LMN Architects

Seattle Central Library

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

SEATTLE CENTRAL LIBRARY

Oma + Lmn

ARCHITECTS
Oma + Lmn

LOCATION
Seattle, WA, United States

CATEGORY
Library

PROGRAM
Central library for Seattle’s 28-branch library system, including 33,700 sqm of hq, reading room, book spiral, mixing chamber, meeting platform, living room, staff floor, children’s collection, and auditorium, and 4,600 sqm of parking.

AREA
38300.0 sqm

PROJECT YEAR
2004

PHOTOGRAPHS
Philippe Ruault

CONSULTANTS
Arup, Bruce Mau Design, Front, HKA, Hoffman Construction Company, Inside Outside, Jones & Jones, Kugler Tillotson, McGuire, Michael Yantis, Pielow Fair, Dewhurst Macfarlane and Partners, Quinze & Milan, Seele, Magnusson Klemencic, Davis Langdon

CLIENT
Seattle Public Library

BUDGET
US $169.2 M

KEY PERSONNEL
Rem Koolhaas, Joshua Prince-Ramus, Mark von Hof-Zogrotzki, Natasha Sandmeier, Meghan Corwin, Bjarke Ingels, Carol Patterson

MANUFACTURERS
RENSON, Bomel Construction Company, Canron Western Construction, Electrical Systems, Energy Labs, Glazing Systems, Henkel, Mechanical Systems, Metal Framing and Drywall, Miscellaneous Iron & Ornamental Metal, The Erection Company

Text description provided by architect.

The Seattle Central Library redefines the library as an institution no longer exclusively dedicated to the book, but as an information store where all potent forms of media—new and old—are presented equally and legibly.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

In an age where information can be accessed anywhere, it is the simultaneity of all media and, more importantly, the curatorship of their content that will make the library vital.

Flexibility in contemporary libraries is conceived as the creation of generic floors on which almost any activity can occur. Programs are not separated, rooms or individual spaces not given unique characters.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

In practice, this means that bookcases define generous (though nondescript) reading areas on opening day, but, through the collection’s relentless expansion, inevitably come to encroach on the public space.

Ultimately, in this form of flexibility, the library strangles the very attractions that differentiate it from other information resources.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

Instead of its current ambiguous flexibility, the library could cultivate a more refined approach by organizing itself into spatial compartments, each dedicated to, and equipped for, specific duties.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

Tailored flexibility remains possible within each compartment, but without the threat of one section hindering the others.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

Our first operation was to “comb” and consolidate the library’s apparently ungovernable proliferation of programs and media. By combining like with like, we identified programmatic clusters: five of stability and four of instability.

Each platform is a programmatic cluster that is architecturally defined and equipped for maximum, dedicated performance. Because each platform is designed for a unique purpose, their size, flexibility, circulation, palette, structure, and MEP vary.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

The spaces in between the platforms function as trading floors where librarians inform and stimulate, where the interface between the different platforms is organized—spaces for work, interaction, and play.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

By genetically modifying the superposition of floors in the typical American high rise, a building emerges that is at the same time sensitive (the geometry provides shade or unusual quantities of daylight where desirable), contextual (each side reacts differently to specific urban conditions or desired views), iconic.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

The problem of traditional library organization is flatness. Departments are organized according to floor plans. Each floor is discreet; the unpredictable fits of growth and contraction in certain sections are, theoretically, contained within a single floor.

In 1920, the Seattle Public Library had no classification for Computer Science; by 1990 the section had exploded. As collections unpredictably swell, materials are dissociated from their categories.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault
Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault

Excess materials are put in the basement, moved to off-site storage, or become squatters of another, totally unrelated department.

The Book Spiral implies a reclamation of the much-compromised Dewey Decimal System. By arranging the collection in a continuous ribbon—running from 000 to 999—the subjects form a coexistence that approaches the organic; each evolves relative to the others, occupying more or less space on the ribbon, but never forcing a rupture.

Seattle Central Library
© Philippe Ruault


Seattle Central Library
Section 1
Seattle Central Library
Section 2


Seattle Central Library
Books
Seattle Central Library
Public Library


Seattle Central Library
Diagram InBetweens
Seattle Central Library
Diagram Platforms 1
Seattle Central Library
Diagram Platforms 2


Seattle Central Library
Sketch
Seattle Central Library
Model


Seattle Central Library
Legibility Section
Seattle Central Library
Shifts
Seattle Central Library
Views


Seattle Central Library
Diagram Book Spiral
Seattle Central Library
Mixing Chamber Diagram locus of info
Seattle Central Library
Mixing Chamber Diagram search time
Seattle Central Library
Seattle Program Diagram
Seattle Central Library
Seattle (in)Stability Diagram


Seattle Central Library
Hardscape
Seattle Central Library
Plan 2
Seattle Central Library
Plan 4
Seattle Central Library
Plan 5
Seattle Central Library
Plan 6
Seattle Central Library
Plan 8
Seattle Central Library
Plan 10
Seattle Central Library
Plan 11
Seattle Central Library
Elevation

LMN Architects
T +1 206 6823460 F +1 206 3439388
LMN Architects
801 2nd Ave #501, Seattle, WA 98104, United States